Tuesday, March 9, 2010

Researchers back cancer-fighting properties of papaya

Researchers said Tuesday that papaya leaf extract and its tea have dramatic cancer-fighting properties against a broad range of tumors, backing a belief held in a number of folk traditions. Skip related content
University of Florida researcher Nam Dang and colleagues in Japan, in a report published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, documented papaya's anticancer effect against tumors of the cervix, breast, liver, lung and pancreas.
The researchers used an extract made from dried papaya leaves, and the effects were stronger when cells received larger doses of papaya leaf tea.
Dang and the other scientists showed that papaya leaf extract boosts the production of key signaling molecules called Th1-type cytokines, which help regulate the immune system.
This could lead to therapeutic treatments that use the immune system to fight cancers, they said in the February issue of the journal and released Tuesday by the university.
Papaya has been used as a folk remedy for a variety of ailments in many parts of the world, especially Asia.
Deng said the results are consistent with reports from indigenous populations in Australia and his native Vietnam.
The researchers said papaya extract did not have any toxic effects on normal cells, avoiding a common side effect of many cancer treatments.
Researchers exposed 10 different types of cancer cell cultures to four strengths of papaya leaf extract and measured the effect after 24 hours. Papaya slowed the growth of tumors in all the cultures.
Dang and a colleague have applied to patent the process to distill the papaya extract through the University of Tokyo.

Gamers queue to meet creators

Thousands of gamers queued for hours in the cold - many in fancy dress - to meet the creators of Japanese role-playing game Final Fantasy XIII. Skip related content

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HMV said 2,000 fans flocked to its Oxford Street store in London for the launch of the latest instalment in the long-running franchise, which has sold more than 92 million copies worldwide.
DJ and presenter Alex Zane hosted the event but most fans were there to meet Yoshinori Kitase, the game's producer, and art director Isamu Kamikokuryo, who had flown in from Japan.
First in the sprawling queue were Peter Allen, 24, and Becky Drury, 22, both from Crewe, Cheshire, who pitched a tent outside the shop to ensure their spot.
Mr Allen, dressed as one of the game's characters, explaining why he had gone to the effort, said: "It's a once in a lifetime opportunity to meet the producer of the game, and it's a game we all love and we wanted to come down and show our respect. We've been outside for 17 hours now."
Miss Drury, also in costume, added: "At five o'clock we went and got a hot chocolate from McDonalds. It's been cold, we've had blankets and jackets but it was better when other people started turning up in costume.
"We've had our own little community. People walking past have been taking photos of us, so they've been getting into the spirit as well."
The first 50 gamers who arrived in costume bagged free CDs of the Final Fantasy XIII soundtrack - which includes Leona Lewis's song My Hands from her second album Echo.
The latest Final Fantasy game is available for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles. In the first 24 hours after its Japanese launch, Final Fantasy XIII clocked up more than a million sales.

Becks relishes Old Trafford return

David Beckham says he will not be overwhelmed by emotion when he faces former club Manchester United at Old Trafford for the first time since he left for Real Madrid in 2003. Skip related content
"I'll always be a United fan but this is perhaps the first time in my life that I want them to lose," the midfielder said ahead of Wednesday's Champions League clash, which will see Beckham's AC Milan attempt to overturn a 3-2 first-leg deficit to claim a quarter-final slot.
Beckham is far from certain to start after an unconvincing display in central midfield at the San Siro that saw the 34-year-old substituted mid-way through the second half.
But the former England captain, who is on loan from MLS side LA Galaxy, is highly likely to play some role in the game and can expect a warm reception from the Old Trafford crowd.
Beckham spent his formative years with Manchester United's youth team and played alongside Gary Neville, Nicky Butt and Paul Scholes when they won the FA Youth Cup in 1992.
That famous side went on to provide the homegrown core of the squad whose domination of English football reached its peak in 1999 when United won a league, cup and Champions League treble.
"I'm not nervous," Beckham insisted in an interview with Milan's in-house television channel. "I'm happy because for the first time after seven years I will return to Manchester and go on the pitch. I'll meet up with many friends and all the people who supported me for many years.
"If I play, I won't be frightened. I'll be excited. I played in that stadium for many years and I know what it means to be a Manchester United player. I know what it means for opponents to play there.
"Playing at Old Trafford is always difficult. It's difficult to win, especially 2-0. We know we'll have to go for it. We are aware of the fact that it will be a very difficult match, but nothing's impossible."
Beckham's enduring popularity with Manchester United fans was underlined when dozens of them turned out to greet him on his arrival at Manchester airport on Tuesday, along with the inevitable scrum of photographers and reporters.
His peripheral contribution in the first leg prompted his old boss, Sir Alex Ferguson, to question the tactical judgement of his Milanese counterpart, Leonardo. On the eve of the second leg, the Scot reiterated his view that Beckham is better deployed wide on the right.
"I think David's strength has always been his crossing, and set pieces of course," Ferguson said. "That does not change, it's been his strength all his career.
"Will he play tomorrow? You tell me. I am finding it very hard to pick their team at the moment. There are lot of threats in their team of course but we are well aware of David's."
Beckham and Ferguson's relationship famously became strained in the run-up to the player's departure, with one of the manager's dressing room rants leaving the midfielder needing stitches for a wound inflicted, just above his eye, by a flying boot.
Beckham did not last long at Old Trafford after that, Ferguson having tired of the celebrity circus that had come to surround a player who scored 85 goals in 394 matches for him, winning six Premier League titles and the 1999 Champions League in the process.
The acrimony of that time now appears to have dissipated and Ferguson has recently endorsed his former player's claim to be part of England's World Cup squad in South Africa later this year, by which time he will have passed his 35th birthday.
Beckham, for his part, has always acknowledged Ferguson's central role in his development as both player and person.
"He protected his players, but he made me understand when I was making a mistake," he recalled.

Wednesday, March 3, 2010

Shock over unseen Madeleine files

Investigators searching for Madeleine McCann must have access to previously unseen files held by Portuguese police, a spokesman for her parents said. Skip related content
The files reportedly comprise hundreds of pages of information, including CCTV images that show a young girl who looks like Madeleine being led into a New Zealand supermarket in 2007.
Several British newspapers have published the image, along with details of other possible sightings from the files.
One report mentions a British man called George who saw a small, distressed blonde girl being dragged along a road to Faro airport in Portugal on the night she went missing.
Another details how a young girl who looked like Madeleine was seen being held at gunpoint on a French motorway by a half-naked man in August 2008.
Family spokesman Clarence Mitchell called on the information to be released to the McCann family's investigators.
He said: "Kate and Gerry have made it clear that they were shocked to see the lack of follow-up work done by the Portuguese police since the investigation was shelved. All the information in these files must go to the private investigators as they are the only people still looking for Madeleine."
Madeleine was nearly four when she went missing from her family's holiday apartment in the Algarve village of Praia da Luz on May 3 2007 while her parents dined with friends nearby. Despite a massive police operation and huge publicity worldwide, she has not been found. Four months after she disappeared, Portuguese police made both Mr and Mrs McCann "arguidos", or formal suspects, in the case.
Two days later, on September 9 2007, they returned to Britain with their two other children, twins Sean and Amelie. In July 2008, the Portuguese attorney general shelved the investigation and lifted the arguido status of Mr and Mrs McCann.
The couple insist they will continue to believe Madeleine is still alive until presented with firm evidence to the contrary and have vowed to keep looking for her for as long as it takes.

Tuesday, March 2, 2010

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Polar bears 'evolved amid ice age'

Polar bears rapidly evolved their white fur and Arctic lifestyle as they adapted to an ice age environment, new genetic evidence suggests. Skip related content

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But despite surviving a return to warmer conditions, they may not be able to keep up with the accelerated pace of man-made climate change, say scientists.
The evolution of polar bears has presented a puzzle because their ancient fossils are so rare.
Usually, fossils are preserved in sediments. But because polar bears live on ice, their dead remains tend to fall to the bottom of the ocean or are removed by scavengers.
In 2004, scientists discovered a rare and well-preserved fossilised jawbone and canine tooth in Norway's Svalbard archipelago.
Analysis of DNA extracted from the specimens has now revealed important clues about the origins of polar bears.
Study leader Dr Charlotte Lindqvist, from the University at Buffalo, in New York State, US, said: "Our results confirm that the polar bear is an evolutionarily young species that split off from brown bears some 150,000 years ago and evolved extremely rapidly during the late Pleistocene, perhaps adapting to the opening of new habitats and food sources in response to climate changes just before the last interglacial period."
The late Pleistocene period was marked by extensive glaciation, with ice sheets covering much of the northern hemisphere. Many large animals became extinct during this time, including woolly mammoths, sabre-toothed cats and ground sloths, as did Neanderthal humans.
As the Pleistocene gave way to the Holocene about 12,000 years ago, the world became warmer and the ice retreated.
Polar bears continued to survive, confining themselves to the icy Arctic where they live to this day, by hunting seals.

Icesave referendum casts cloud of uncertainty over Iceland

Iceland's economic and political future hangs in the balance as it heads towards a referendum on how to compensate Britain and the Netherlands for money lost in the collapse of an Icelandic bank. Skip related content
Still shaken from the crumbling of its once-booming financial sector in 2008 that left its economy in tatters, Iceland is bracing for a plebiscite Saturday that observers say could easily increase its isolation, complicate its road to economic recovery and block its entry into the European Union.
"A 'no' vote in the referendum may prevent access to significant external liquidity" and thus could cause "a weaker economic recovery and potentially, political instability," rating agency Moody's cautioned late last week.
Icelandic President Olafur Ragnar Grimsson has refused to sign legislation approved by parliament that would pay Britain and the Netherlands 3.8 billion euros (5.2 billion dollars) to cover their reimbursements to 320,000 savers hit by the collapse of the online Icesave bank in October 2008.
Grimsson instead referred the issue to a referendum, citing public opposition, and opinion polls predict the legislation will be widely rejected.
According to the latest poll, 58 percent of voters intend to vote down the repayment law.
In an attempt to ward off chaos, the government in Reykjavik has been scrambling for weeks to negotiate a new accord with Britain and the Netherlands that would avert the popular vote.
So far however, all attempts have failed.
"Overall, Moody's believes that Iceland's path out of the crisis now appears more difficult," the agency said after the latest round of talks collapsed on Thursday.
Britain and the Netherlands would likely continue blocking progress on a 2.1-billion-dollar International Monetary Fund rescue package for Iceland until Reykjavik agreed to pay off its Icesave debt, Moody's warned.
No repayment deal could also negatively affect the Nordic country's EU membership talks, according to Gunnar Helgi Kristinsson, a political science professor at the University of Iceland.
"If there is no Icesave deal it is obviously far from certain that all the European countries will agree to accepting Iceland's EU candidacy," he told AFP.
"And from a local perspective, the Icesave case has created hostility among Icelanders to countries that used to be considered our friends and has heightened the opposition to the EU in opinion polls," he added.
There still remains some hope that the March 6 referendum could be avoided, with Prime Minister Johanna Sigurdardottir stating on friday that "there is still a possibility to reach a reasonable solution between the three nations."
Her government -- the first leftwing cabinet to lead Iceland since its independence from Denmark in 1944 -- came to power on the back of the country's deep financial crisis.
During the parliamentary discussions on Icesave late last year however, Sigurdardottir threatened to resign if the bill was not adopted, and the government could easily be unseated if the repayment deal it has strived for is rejected.
"If the referendum takes place it could upset the country's political balance. The government is therefore trying to avoid the political upheaval the referendum could entail," Kristinsson said, pointing out that government officials had been trying to distance themselves from the Icesave legislation.
"To survive a 'no' vote, the government ... must try to avoid taking responsibility for the law that will be submitted to a referendum," he said.